Biofilm vs. Algae – What is the difference?

When you picture the ideal pond or lake, you probably imagine clear water, some graceful plants, and maybe the occasional fish rippling the surface. What you don’t picture is thick, green gunk spreading across the water, turning your peaceful scene into something far less idyllic. This “gunk” often comes in the form of algae or biofilm—two common issues that can cloud up your water and your enjoyment.

But what exactly are algae and biofilm? Are they the same thing? And most importantly, how do you deal with them? In this brief article brought to you by the pond maintenance professionals at Aquatic Restoration, we dip our feet into understanding these two aquatic nuisances.

If you are looking for trained and uniformed professionals to take care of your lake or retention pond maintenance, then call Aquatic Restoration to schedule a convenient appointment. Our team is ready when you are.

What is algae?

Algae are tiny plant-like organisms that live in water. They’re not quite plants, but they share some characteristics like the ability to photosynthesize (use sunlight to make energy). In fact, a little bit of algae is actually a good thing! It provides food for fish and other aquatic creatures and helps oxygenate the water.

However, too much algae can quickly turn your beautiful pond into a slimy mess. Algae can take on several forms, from microscopic single-cell algae (which make your water look green and cloudy) to stringy, mat-like algae that float on the surface. This latter form is sometimes referred to as “pond scum” and can be particularly frustrating because it spreads rapidly.

Our Services

Siphon Installation

A serene lake, tranquil pond, or vital wetland are the jewels of our communities, but what happens when they start…

Spillway Renovation

A spillway that's been left unattended for decades will likely show signs of wear and tear. Cracks, vegetation overgrowth, and…

Lake Management

Water has always held a special allure. Whether for their beauty, recreational activities, or essential needs, lakes play a critical…

What is biofilm?

Biofilm is a little different. It’s a sticky layer of microorganisms, including bacteria, algae, and other microbes, that form a slimy film over surfaces like rocks, plants, and even the water surface. It’s like a dirty film that sticks to everything it touches. If you’ve ever noticed a slick layer on rocks or the side of a pond, that’s biofilm.

While biofilm can form on its own, it often contains algae as well, making it easy to confuse the two. Biofilm tends to look slimy and can be brown, green, or even reddish in color, depending on the types of microorganisms that are present.

The trouble with algae and biofilm

While both algae and biofilm can be normal parts of a healthy pond ecosystem, they can quickly get out of hand. Here are some of the problems they can cause:

Oxygen Depletion: When algae blooms grow out of control, they use up a lot of the oxygen in the water. This can lead to low oxygen levels, which can be deadly for fish and other aquatic life.
Water Quality Issues: Biofilm, particularly if it includes harmful bacteria, can reduce water quality. In extreme cases, it can even pose a health risk to humans and animals that come into contact with the water.
Unattractive Appearance: No one wants a pond or lake covered in slimy mats of algae or a brownish film. It detracts from the natural beauty of the water and can even make it unusable for recreational activities like swimming or fishing.

Managing algae and biofilm

So, how do you keep algae and biofilm in check? Here are some practical tips:

Reduce Nutrient Runoff
Increase Aeration
Limit Direct Sunlight
Add Beneficial Bacteria
Remove Excess Algae and Biofilm

With a little effort, you’ll be able to enjoy the beautiful, serene water feature you’ve always envisioned! If you’d rather leave the pond maintenance in Gwinnett County to trained professionals, then call Aquatic Restoration to schedule a consultation or appointment today.

28 / Sep / 2024